\mSIta DeIw
{]ikvX Ihnbpw
\mSI¡mc\pamb Imhmehpambn Jadp¶nk, Bkn^v, X³koe, ambn³ A_q_¡À, AÀjnZ F¶nhÀ \S¯nb
A`napJw.
1. at\mlcamb \mSmWv
Ip«\mSv. AhnsSbmWv kÀ P\n¨Xpw hfÀ¶Xpw B \mSv Xm¦sf \mSI¡mc\pw Ihnbpam¡m³
F{Xam{Xw klmbn¨n«pv?
`qanbnemWv FÃmhcpw P\n¡p¶Xv. AXpsImv
\ap¡v Cu `qantbmSv Hcp kvt\lapmIpw, H¶pIqSn ]dbpIbmsW¦n C´ybnÂ, `mcX¯nemWv
\½Ä P\n¨Xv. AXpsImv `mcXt¯mSpw `mcXkwkv¡mct¯mSpw \aps¡mcnjvSapmIpw. AXpt]mse
`mcX¯n\I¯v tIcf¯nemWv \½Ä P\n¨Xv. AXpsImv Xs¶ \½psS coXnItfmSpw `mjtbmSpw
IqSpXÂ kvt\lapmIpw. \½psS `mjsb¶p ]dbpt¼mÄ aebmfw, AXv A½bpsS ape¸mens\m¸w
\ap¡v In«p¶ `mjbmWv. \½Ä asämcp `mjsb kvt\ln¨p F¶Ã \½Ä `mjsb kvt\ln¡p¶p, ]nd¶
a®ns\ kvt\ln¡p¶p, AXpt]mseXs¶ ]nd¶ {Kmat¯mSv, ]nd¶ ]«Wt¯mSv \ap¡v Hcp
CjvS¡qSpXepmIpw. "Fsâ {Kmaw" Fs¶ms¡ ]dbp¶Xv AXpsImmWv. B {Kma¯nÂ
Rm³ Ip«n¡me¯v I BfpIÄ, A\p`h§Ä, Ip«n¡me¯v Xs¶ Rm³ B {Kma¯n \n¶v Xmakw
amdnbncp¶p. F¦nepw AhnSps¯ Irjn s\ÂIrjnbmbncp¶p. AhnSps¯ ]pgIÄ, \ne§Ä CsXÃmw
\½psS Nn´Isfbpw coXnIsfbpw cq]s¸Sp¯p¶XmWv. ]¼bmdpt]mse Hcp \Zn Fsâ
{Kma¯ntâXpam{XaÃ, AXv HgpIns]mbvs¡mtbncn¡pIbmWtÃm, AXpt]mse `mcX¯nsâ KwKm\Zn.
AXp HgpIp¶ Øe§fnseÃmw AXnsâ Hcp kwkvImcw DmIpw. \ZoXSkwkv¡mcw Fs¶ms¡ ]dbntÃ.
F\n¡v ]¼bmÀ, AXnsâ IShv AhnsSbpÅ Ipfn Fs¶ kzm[o\n¨n«pv. AXv F\n¡p am{XaÃ
FÃmt]À¡pw ImWpw AhcpsS ]pgIfpw {]tZi§fpw AXnsâ kzm[o\hpsams¡. \ap¡v ap¼v Hcp
{KmaoW kwkv¡mcamWpmbncp¶Xv. AXv amdn hcp¶pv. ]gbXpt]mse {Kma§fnepsÅmcp ]ckv]c
_Ôsams¡ Ipdªp hcp¶pv.
2. hepXmIpt¼mÄ Ihnbpw
\mSI¡mc\psams¡bmIpsa¶v Xm¦Ä sNdp¸¯nte hnNmcn¨ncpt¶m? AXn\pthn Fs´Ãmw {ia§Ä
sNbvXp?
A§s\sbm¶panÃ, hfÀ¨bpsS ImeL«§fnÂ
A§s\sbms¡ cq]s¸«p hcp¶XmWv. \½psS CjvS§fpw A`ncpNnIfpsams¡ \½psS ]cnkchpambn
tNÀ¶mWv hfcp¶Xv F¶p IcpXn {ia§Ä thWw, {ian¡Ww. {ian¨p Ignªm thWsa¦n A§s\sbms¡
Bbn¯ocmw. ]s£ A§s\ IcpXnsbm¶paà Pohn¡p¶Xv. ]s£ Ct¸mÄ Xncnªp t\m¡pt¼mÄ sNdp¸¯nÂ
Dmbncp¶ kmlNcy§Ä Hcp Ihnsb, \mSI¡mcs\ cq]s¸Sp¯p¶Xn ]¦phln¨n«ps¶pÅXv
XoÀ¨bmbpw icnbmWv. A¡me¯v \½Ä DÕhw ImWp¶p, B\ hcp¶p, A¡me¯v \m«n B\ hcp¶Xv Hcp
kw`hamWv. Bdpw ]pgbpsams¡ IS¶pthWw hcm³. B\bpsS ]pdtI \S¡pI, A¼e¯nse XpÅÂ aäp
.Iemcq]§Ä AXp t]mse asämcp DÕhamWv sImbv¯v. sImbv¯v Ime¯mWv ]mS¯pt]mIphm³. AXv
k¼Âkar²nbpsS ImeamWv. sImbvsXSp¡pI, s\Ãv ASn¡pI, AXp Iv \n¡pI, kvIqfnÂ
t]mIp¶Xpt]meà kvIqfnse ]T\w thsdmcp Xcw ]T\w. CXn In«p¶Xv asämcm\µhpw
AtXmsSm¸w ]T\hpamWv. Hcp hmb\imebn \n¶pw In«p¶Xnt\¡mfp]cn Nne AdnhpIfmWv C§s\
In«p¶Xv. Asæn \n§Ä F´n\mWv Ct¸mÄ FâSp¡Â h¶Xv kvIqfnencp¶m t]msc? AXv
]pXnsbmcpImcyw ]Tn¡p¶Xn\p thnbmWv. Hmtcm hyànbpw cq]s¸Sp¶Xv A¯cw
A\p`h§fneqsSbmWv. \n§Ä tNmZn¡p¶ CtX tNmZy¯n\v thsdmcmfpsS D¯cw Nnet¸mÄ
asäm¶mbncn¡pw. Fsâ Ip«n¡me¯mWv N§¼pgbpsS caW³ Cd§nbXv. \m«nse hmb\imebnse¯pt¼mÄ
]pkvXI¯n\v henb Unamâmbncp¶p. [mcmfw BfpIfpmIpw hmbn¡m³. AXpt]mse AbÂ{Kma¯nse
hmb\imebn "apcfo[c³" Fs¶mcp ]pkvXIw h¶p. ]´fw sI.kn.sbm atäm
FgpXnbXv. AXv AhnsSt¸mbn FgpXnsbSp¯n«mWv XncnsI sImSp¯Xv. A§s\ Adnhp k¼mZn¡m³
]e taLeIfpapmbncp¶p. hnÚm\w k¼mZn¡m³ XmÂ]cyaps¦n \mw ImWp¶sXms¡ ]pXnb
AdnhpIfmbncn¡pw. ssI \o«nbm sXmSmhp¶ AIe¯n Xs¶ ]pXnb AdnhpIÄ. B \n¡p¶ hr£w
AXnsâ t]cv \n§Ä¡v ]pXnb Adnhmbncn¡pw. Hcp Infn, Hcp sNSn A§s\sbÃmw.
kvIqfn ]Tn¡p¶sXms¡ Ipd¨pImcy§Ä am{Xw,
_m¡n \½Ä {]IrXnbn \n¶mWv t\Sp¶Xv. Kpcp Hcp hgnIm«n am{XamWv. \n§Ä Xmakn¡p¶Xv
IStemc {]tZi¯mWv. `qan imkv{X]cambn \n§fpsS XnWbpsS t]cmWv s\bvXÂ. A©p
XnWIfmWpÅXv. s\bvXÂ
F¶p ]dªm IStemcw,
ae{¼tZi¯n\p Ipdn©n F¶pw ImSn\p apssà F¶pw acp`qan¡v acpXsa¶pw ]c¶ {]tZi¯n\v
]msse F¶pw ]dbp¶p. Hmtcm {]tZi¯n\pw Hmtcm ]pjv]apv. apssáv apÃ, s\bvXen\v B¼Â
A§s\. BZys¯ {ZmhnUÀ ChnsS Pohn¨ncp¶ Ime¯v Hmtcm XnWbnepws]«hÀ AXpambn _Ôs¸«
sXmgn sN¿p¶hcmbncp¶p. s\bvX XnWbn Pohn¨ncp¶hcpsS tPmen ao³]nSn¯ambncp¶p. Rm³
]dªXv AXÃ Kpcp hgnIm«nbmWv F¶Xv. kXy\masâ IYbpv, Kpcp ]dªp \qdv ]ip¡fpambn B
hgn t]mIm³. Im«nte¡v \qdp ]ip¡fpambn t]mIm³ kXy\ma\v Kpcp hgn Im«nsImSp¯p.
kXy\ma³ Bbncw ]ip¡fpambn«mWv aS§nsb¯nbXv. ]ip¡Ä AdnhpIfmWv.
3.R§sf t]mse km[mcW
kv¡qfnemtWm kÀ ]Tn¨Xv?
CjvSapÅ A²ym]I³
Bcmbncp¶p?
A¶v Imhme¯v Hcp aebmfw ]Ån¡qSw Dmbncp¶p.
Hcp Kh¬saâv kvIqÄ. AXn\v aebmfw ]Ån¡qSw F¶p ]dbpw. AhnsS \memw¢mÊv hscbmWv
Dmbncp¶Xv. A©papXÂ AhnsS Hcp Cw¥ojv kvIqÄ Dmbncp¶p. R§Ä sImSp¯Xmbncp¶p kvIqfnsâ
Øew. Cw¥ojv kvIqfn t]mbm {]n¸bÀän þ I, II, III AXp Ignªm t^mÀ¯v, ^n^n¯v, AXv
Rm³ Hcp sImÃw N§\mtÈcnbn ]Tn¨p. Hcp sImÃw Be¸pgbn ]Tn¨p. AXpIgnªv CâÀaoUnbäv
]Tn¨p IgnªmWv FL Dw, BL Dw ]Tn¨Xv.
"\nbaw" aZncmin temtImtfPnemWv ]Tn¨Xv.
aebmfw ]Tn¸n¡p¶ kmdns\ henb CjvSambncp¶p.
Ingp¡pIsbms¡ sN¿pambncp¶p. F¦nepw CjvSambncp¶p. ]ns¶ IW¡v ]Tn¸n¡p¶ kmdv. kmÀ
\¶mbn XÃpambncp¶p. IW¡v `b¦c jmÀ¸v AtÃ, AXv ]Tn¡m³ hfsc ]mSmbncp¶p. A¶v B
kmdnt\mSv henb tZjyambncp¶p. ]ns¶ B kmdnt\mSv henb CjvSambn. \n§fpsS A[ym]I³ \n§sf
XÃmdptm? R§Ä¡v XÃpw Ingp¡psams¡ [mcmfw In«pambncp¶p. ho«nse Imcy§sfms¡ t\m¡p¶
Hcp Ahdm³ Dmbncp¶p. Ahdmsâ Aѳ Fsâ ¢mkvtaäv Bbncp¶p. C¶msfmcns¡ It¸mÄ Ah³
]dªp. Ahs\ XÃnbXn\p Rm³ kmdnt\mSp ]nW§nbncp¶ IY
4.\mSIw F¶ Iemcq]w
]ecoXnbn DtÃm? F´mWv bYmÀ° \mSI Ie?
\mSIIe F¶p ]dªmÂ.....Ipªp\mfn IÅ\pw
t]meokpw Ifn¨n«ptm? HcmÄ IÅ\mbn amdpw. HcmÄ t]meokmbn amdpw. ]s£ \n§Ä IÅ\paÃ,
t]meokpaà A§s\bmbn amdpIbmWv. IÅ\v IÅsâ coXnIÄ t]meokn\v t]meoknsâ coXnIÄ. \n§Ä
`mh\bn F§s\bncn¡pw Ių F§s\ ImWn¡pw t]meokpw ]s£ \n§Ä t]meokpw IÅ\paÃ. Ifn
Ignªv Iq«pImtcmSv IÅ\mbn«v A`n\bn¨ Ip«n t]meokpImc³ Xs¶ sNbvX Imcyw IqSn ]dªp
Im«p¶p. At¸mÄ HcmÄ Abmfpw asämcmfpw ]ns¶ asämcmfpw Bbn amdp¶p. A§s\ amdp¶ Bfnsâ
t]cmWv IYm]m{Xw, amdm³ X¿mdmIp¶ BÄ. \S³ Asæn \Sn. \S³ \Sn¡pIbmWv IYm]m{Xambn.
\S³ F¶ a\pjy³ Asæn kmaqlyPohnbmWv IYm]m{Xambn amdp¶Xv. Bkn^v F¶ Ip«n
t]meokmIpt¼mÄ cp hyànXz§fmbn amdpIbmWv. CsXÃmw A`n\bamWv. A`nþ\bw F¶mWv ]dbpI.
F¶p ]dªm H¶n \n¶pw asäm¶ntebv¡v \bn¡pI. \à coXnbnepÅ \bn¡emWv, IYbneqsS
IYm]m{X§Ä t{]£Is\ \bn¡p¶XmWv A`n\bhpw \mSyhpw.
5. kmÀ Xncph\´]pc¯v
Xmakw XpS§nbn«v F{X hÀjambn?
]¯pap¸s¯«p hÀjambn. 1974 BWv Rm³
Xncph\´]pc¯v F¯nbXv.
6. "tkm]m\w"
F¶ \mSI kwLw XpS§nbn«v F{X Imeambn?
Be¸pg Rm³ Xmakn¨ncp¶
Imew apXte \mSI kwL¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\w Dv.'tkm]m\w' F¶t]cv hfsc IgnªmWv
DmbXv. Be¸pg DÅt¸mÄ \mSIkwL¯nsâ t]cv' Iq¯¼ew' F¶mbncp¶p.BXpIgnªv 'Xncphc§v' F¶
t]cn Ipd¨pImew {]hÀ¯n¨p.cPnÌÀ sNbvXt¸mgmWv tkm]m\w F¶ t]cnembXv.CXv 1981 Â
BWv.
7.kmdnsâ {]ikvXcmb
injr³amcpw kplr¯p¡fpambncp¶tÃm s\SpapSnthWp, {ioþapcfn,`cXvtKm]n XpS§n
hfsctbsdt¸À. Ahsc¡pdn¡pdns¨m¶p ]dbmtam?
thWphpw, apcfnbpw Bsbms¡ Hcpan¨p
{]hÀ¯n¨ncp¶p. injy·msc¶p ]dbtWm?
AXpt]mse `cXvtKm]n
Dmbncp¶p. \½psS sImSntbäw tKm]n. kl{]hÀ¯Icmbncp¶p. Kpcpshs¶ms¡ AhÀ ]dªncn¡mw.
Ahscms¡ A§s\ ]dbpIbpw ]pkvXIw FgpXpIbpw sNbvXn«pv. F¶mepw Hcpan¨v {]hÀ¯n¨hcmWv
\½sfms¡. IS½\n«bpw, hn\bN{µ\pw, A¿¸¸Wn¡cpw, Achnµ\pw Hs¡ Ipsd¡mew
Hcpan¨pmbncp¶p. A¿¸¸Wn¡À \m«n ASp¯pmbncp¶p. AXpt]mse XIgnsbms¡
{]nbs¸«hcmbncp¶p. XIgn X¶XmWv AhnsS Xq¡nbn«ncn¡p¶ B IXnÀ¡പേ
8. \mSIhpambn _Ôs¸«v
kmÀ GsXÃmw cmPy§fnemWv k©cn¨n«pÅXv?
]gb tkmhnbäv bqWnb\n t]mbn, AXmbXv
Ct¸mgs¯ djy. P¸m\n t]mbn,ssN\,tlmfv,Cw¥v,{Kokv,PÀ½\n A§s\ Hcp]mSv cmPr§fnÂ
t]mbncp¶p.AXv henb
Imcrsam¶paÃ.]ns¶
]pXnb{]tZi§Ä,]pXnb BÄ¡mÀ,]pXnb IeIÄ AsXms¡ AdnhpIfmWv.
9.\mSIs¯ IeIfpsS A½
F¶p ]dbp¶sX´psImv?
\mSI¯nenÃm¯
IeIsfm¶panÃ.Bcm \mSIs¯ IeIfpsS A½sb¶v ]dªpX¶sX¶v Rm³
tNmZn¡p¶nÃ.A²ym]Icmbncn¡patÃ.A½bn \n¶mWtÃm
D¸¯n.\mSI¯nseÃmapv.]m«pv,\r¯apv,\mSI¯n PohnXapv.PohnXamWv \mSIw.PohnX¯nsâ
{]Xn`e\hpaÃ.PohnXs¯¡mÄ PohnXs¯ Nn{XoIcn¡p¶XmWv \mSIw.PohnXs¯ AXpt]mse
Nn{XoIcn¡Ww F¶Xnt\mSv Rm³ tbmPn¡p¶nÃ.PohnXs¯ hepXmbmWv Nn{XoIcnt¡Xv.\n§fpsS
`mjbn C§s\sbms¡ Adnbp¶XmWv \ÃXv.Asæn \n§tfmSv XmXmßyt_m[s¯¡pdns¨ms¡
]dtbnhcpw.AXv Ipd¨pIqSn apXncps¼m a\Ênemhpw.
10.kwkvIrX \mSI§fpsS
AhXcWamWtÃm IqSnbm«w.kmdnsâ kwkvIrX\mSI§fpw,IqSnbm«hpw X½nepÅ hyXymkw F´mWv?
IqSnbm«w ]mc¼cyIebmWv. kwkvIrX \mSIs¯
BhnjvIcn¡p¶Xn Hcp coXn. At\IcoXnbn ]v kwkvIrX \mSI§Ä ChnsS AhXcn¸n¨ncp¶p.
]eXpw CÃmXmbn. ]ns¶ _m¡nbpÅ Hcp coXnbmWv IqSnbm«w. Fsâ A`n{]mb¯nÂ
IqSnbm«s¯t]mse Xs¶ \½psS \m«n Ct¸mgpw AhXcn¸n¨phcp¶ apSntbäv, IYIfn, ]SbWn
XpS§n A\h[n Iemcq]§Ä aäv kwØm\§fn AXmbXv Bkman AwKym\mSv, AwKym`mh\ F¶p]dbpw.
almcmjv{Sbn Xamjm, KpPdm¯nbn `hmbv. Xangv\mSv FSp¯pIgnªm sXcp¡q¯pv.
IÀ®mSIsaSp¯pIgnªm bjKm\apv. C§s\ \nch[n \mSpIfnse {]mtZinIcq]§fpw AXmXv
`mjIfn AhXcn¸n¡p¶pv. At¸mÄ kwkvIrX \mSIw Hmtcm {]tZi¯pw AXmXv `mjIfn Ct¸mgpw
kPohamWv. kwkvIrX \mSIw F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ IqSnbm«w t]mepw kwkvIr¯n am{XaÃ
AhXcn¸n¡p¶Xv. AXn\I¯v {]mtZinI `mjbmb aebmfapv, Nne IYm]m{X§Ä¡v {]mIrXapv.
At¸mÄ F§s\bmWXns\ kwkvIrXsa¶v hnfn¡p¶Xv. `mjbv¡XoXamb Hcp ]mc¼cyhpw
Zriykm[yXbpamWv kwkvIrX \mSI§Ä¡pÅXv. {]mtbmKnIamb \mSyimkv{X¯n ]dbp¶ Cu
]mc¼cyw Gjybn t]mepw Hcp \mSI§Ä¡panÃ. \mSyimkv{Xw BcmsWgpXnbsX¶dnbmatÃm. H¶mw
\qämn `cXap\nsbgpXnb kuµcyimkv{Xs¯ kw_Ôn¡p¶ IrXnbmbncp¶p \mSyimkv{Xw.
`hXs\mcp Bfmbncps¶¶v ]dbp¶pv. `mhþcmK Xmf \n_²w F¶ AÀ°¯nemWv `cX DmbXv F¶v
]dbp¶pv. ]e Imcy§fnembn ]e BfpIsfgpXnbXmsW¶v ]dbp¶pv. B \mSyimkv{X¯nÂ
]¯vap¸¯mdv A²ymb§fnembn \ndªpInS¡p¶Xv `mhw, cmKw, \mSyw, \r¯w ChsbIpdn¨pÅ
Cu \mSI
11. IpSpw_s¯Ipdn¨v
ho«n `mcy,aq¯aI³ lcnIrjvW³ tImtfPv
s{]m^kdmbncp¶p.Cu Xotbäsdms¡ t\m¡n\S¯nbncp¶Xv Ah\mbncp¶p.lcnIrjvW³
acn¨pt]mbn,lcnIrjvWsâ a¡Ä cvt]cmWv. HcmÄ F\ns¡m¸apv HcmÄ IeymWw Ign¨pt]mbn.
lcnIrjvWsâ `mcy Fsâ ho«nemWv. cmas¯ aI³ {ioIpamÀ. \n§Ä tI«n«pmIpw Imhmew
{ioIpamÀ, cmas¯ aI\mWv, ]m«pImc\mWv. hnhmlw Ign¨v cv a¡fpv. thsd hoSph¨v
ASp¯v Xs¶ Xmakn¡p¶p. ktlmZc§Ä ChnsS ASp¯v Xs¶ Xmakapv.
12. Imhmet¯¡v Ct¸mÄ
t]mImdntÃ?
Ct¸mgpw ktlmZcnamÀs¡ms¡ AhnsS Irjnbpv.
Irjn kw_Ôamb
Bhiy§Äs¡ms¡ AhÀ
t]mImdpv. ktlmZcnamÀ¡v AhnsS hosSms¡bpv. F\n¡hnsS Irjnsbm¶panÃ. F¦nepw
Rms\ÃmhÀjhpw t]mIpw. \n§sft¸mse Ipd¨v Ip«nIfpsS a\Ên Irjn sN¿m³. Imhme¯v G{]nÂ
H¶n\pw A©n\panSbv¡v XpS§n 10, 15 Znhkw \op\n¡p¶ Ipªp§fpsS Iym¼pv. Ipcp¶pIq«w
F¶p ]dbp¶ Ip«nIfpsS Hcp hÀt£m¸v B ]Xn\©v Znhk§fnepw Rm\hnsSbpmbncn¡pw. Rm³
ap¼v ]dª Rm³ ]Tn¨ aebmfw ]Ån¡qS¯nemWv Cu Ipcp¶pIq«w IqSp¶Xv. Iym¼v IgnªmÂ
R§fpsS XdhmSv apä¯v Cu Ip«nIfpsS \mSIw Act§dpw. Ignª XhW sX¿s¯¿w F¶ \mSIamWv
Ifn¨Xv. C¯hW `KhXvZznPw F¶ \mSIamWv Ifn¡p¶Xv. At¸mÄ ]ns¶bpw ImWWw, [mcmfw
\mSI§Ä hmbn¡Ww, ImWWw. F\n¡n¶v Fsâ kplr¯v DjmKmwKpen ImÀ¯nIXncp\mÄ XotbädnÂ
AhXcn¸n¡p¶ NnÞmenI F¶ \mSIw ImtWXpv. \n§Ä C\nbpw hcWw.